Unconventional Way to go long Financials

Once-proud financial-service companies have been humbled, and currently trade at lowly prices usually reserved for unknown, unremarkable companies.

Citi (C) ended at $2.31 at Monday's close. American International Group (AIG) closed below a dollar. Both stocks are up roughly 250% off of all-time lows, but the future of the shares (and companies) are hazy at best. Risk-adverse investors don't necessarily want to gamble on such risky companies, especially while daily price fluctuations are so extreme. At the same time, however, bullish investors may want to be exposed to potential upside in shares of such trampled companies.

Rather than owning the shares of stock, investors could gain exposure to upside movement by selling naked put options.

Selling "naked" puts refers to selling puts without actually being short shares of the stock, which would sometimes create a riskier situation for the seller. However, with C shares so close to $0, even the worst-case scenario is very clear.

When puts are sold, the seller's account gets credited with the amount of the sale and an outstanding obligation shows up. If shares do move lower, the size of that obligation increases as the puts increase in value, and the seller essentially loses money. If shares increase in price, the size of the obligation gets smaller, and the seller enjoys some paper gains.

Below is a table of C January 2010 puts (courtesy of Marketwatch.com)

Though there is little to no volume in the far in-the-money puts, the bid and ask spreads remain reasonable and transaction costs do not inhibit using this strategy. Options close to the current share price retain time value, providing a bonus for the seller.

At the $2.50 level, options traded hands yesterday at roughly $1.25 (we'll take the bid), implying that investors expect C shares to be worth no more than $1.25 in January of 2010. If shares close below that level, the put seller will lose money. If shares became completely worthless ($0) before then, the put seller would essentially owe $250 per contract while he was only credited $125 at the time of sale. However, if shares only appreciate 10% (to over the $2.50 strike price) within the next 10 months, the seller will get to keep the entire credit at the time of sale.

Utilizing this strategy with in-the-money options changes the risk and reward involved. If a seller sold $10 puts for $8.05, he has a possibility of making $800 per contract (if shares close above $10 in Jan '10) while only potentially losing $200 (if shares go to $0).

Selling even farther OTM puts exaggerates the risk/return profile further. Selling $40 puts in the bid/ask spread at $38 seems possible, even though its highly unlikely that C shares will see that share price within the foreseeable future. However, the trade can still be made. Again, downside risk is limited to coughing up $200 if shares hit $0 (which means repaying $4000 compared to an initial credit of $3800), while profit potential remains intact (a $10 share price close would net the seller $800 of profit, essentially). And with C, AIG, BAC, and many other companies trading relatively close to $0, this strategy can be employed for an entire portfolio of companies.

Requirements for selling naked puts differs based on broker, and the strategy isn't for everyone. Like owning shares, downside risk is limited (paying the entire difference between strike price and $0) if the shares become worthless, but gains are capped too (at the initial selling price of the contract). But this strategy may offer an interesting way to expose one's portfolio to the possibility of bullish performance without sacrificing too much capital.



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From Laggards to Leaders

Monday's market action was volatile and interesting, with a couple surprising underlying themes.

The S&P 500 opened higher, peaked midday while up about 2%, and ended up closing marginally lower. Many of the previously worst-performing stocks (financial) had daily charts that resembled the S&P's movement, albeit with supercharged movements.

As AIG made news by listing important counter-parties and declaring that it planned to pay bonuses, the shares exploded higher.

Shares logged a few trades at $1, which was an 100% daily move. Even as trades ticked lower with general market weakness at the end of the day, shares still logged a 66% daily gain. Though the percentage gain is obviously impressive, it pales in comparison to the enormous wealth that was lost as AIG fell from real-company valuation to penny-stock territory. But theoretically, an investor that plowed some money into shares at $.33 recently would have been very pleased with this recent performance.

Some other examples of beaten-up stocks that outperformed today:

E*Trade (ETFC): +9% today (read my recent article about ETFC shares here)
Citi (C): +31% today
Bank of America (BAC): +7%
Freddie Mac (FRE) +21%

Obviously all stocks mentioned are ultra-risky, and some may ultimately be worthless. But such extreme movements are heartening for investors who own shares of said companies, and if any major development in the market or indivual stocks (like ETFC getting TARP money, or the alteration of M2M rules) happens, shares could explode higher. But "investing" in any of the five companies I named (I own shares of ETFC and AIG) is still more like gambling than rational, careful capital allocation.

People courageous (or stupid) enough to invest will continue to see gains or losses that are characatures of the general market.



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Two Trades

In my personal account, I did two things yesterday:

I put in an order at 6AM to buy these nice little illiquid tools called Fixed Return Options, a new derivative (how could that ever be a bad thing?!) invented by the administration of TradeKing, my online broker.

Anyway, how these things work, is that they are all-or-nothing contracts. If your contract finishes above the strike price (when you own a high-finish contract), you get $100 credited into your account. When it finishes below, it's worthless. The put-like options work the opposite way.

I bought Citi (C) high-finish options at the August 17.50 strike price. So, if the price (well, actually, a different metric that measures the average price of every trade that day, but basically price) finishes at $17.51 on expiration, I get $100. If not, it's worthless. The contracts were only $40 each, so the risk/reward was worth it to me. (I don't have a ton of confidence in Citi as a company, but I do think it's oversold, but regular options had premiums too high or were too far out of the money.)

The FROs can be sold before expiration, but since the market is pretty illiquid right now, it's best to hold as long as the trade looks like there's a good chance of success.

I also bought CIT after the bell at $6.88. It was down 15 percent on no real news yesterday; I figured it was just a financial company getting dumped as funds and firms window-dressed. This morning they announced that they are selling the home loan business, their most troublesome one, for some nice cash AND the forgiveness of lots of debt. It's over $8 right now.

As I wrote yesterday, I hope that this new month and quarter mark a turnaround for the market... but that doesn't look to be the case, at least during the opening of this first day. Hold on for the ride.

Calling a Bottom... Again

My call of a bottom in March seemed accurate until just the past few sessions as the indexes have tested or broken through their lows from about three months ago.

The Dow, helped by losers C and BAC did indeed break through its low. The S&P tested it, and it appears to be bouncing off nicely.

So why is now the (real, or second) bottom? I think that the planets are aligning - er, mutual fund window-dressing is ending, which will eliminate the recent downward pressure.

Such financial losers like LEH and CIT were down 10-15% today on little or no news. The dumping (and possibly subsequent shorting) seems to have little fundamental basis.

So as the S&P and Dow try to squeak out a positive day, maybe this will be the bottom. Many buyouts are failing (fingers still crossed for PENN!), Citi's now a sell, and nearly everyone has a negative point of view.

Other than the end of quarter, another stimulus, maybe an unexpected positive data point, Fed tightening, or a nice shower of oil that gives the US a nice 10mmb reserve, could cement a turn. Otherwise, the superficial causes of this extra pain may end, as investors rich with commodity gains might reinvest the proceeds into financial (if they follow the sheiks' leads).

Earnings Season: Like Goin' to Vegas

As earnings season was in full force over the past week, investors were taken for a ride on a bucking bull.

I had a lot of fun and made a little money at the craps table, er, I mean, playing options of companies releasing earnings.

Early in the week, I took a bullish stance on Intel; they pleased the street and I came out ahead. Later, I also placed a bullish bet on eBay, but their earnings were not lauded by analysts (though I liked the release; more on that in another post). Thankfully, a 15% OTM put on SunPower (SPWR) just touched the moneyline, making my options worth something. (Side note: I'm very short-term bearish on solar stocks; I'll post about that later too.) On Thursday, I made two bets, on E*Trade and Citi, which both ended up being slightly profitable; however, I passed on the biggest surprise of the week, the company that owns the internet, Google.

I was looking at Google options but ultimately decided it would probably be like throwing money away. After all, the level I was looking at $490 or $500 calls) were $50 out of the money - I thought that they would surely expire worthless, even if the report was good.

I was wrong, and it hurt. The $60 contract of $500 April calls sold for between $2,500 and $4,700 on Friday. Lots of wealth changed hands in the way-out-of-the-money contracts; what was selling for dollars or pennies on Thursday was worth 50-100x as much Friday. However, as a (self-proclaimed) long-term investor, I have to look past such fanciful missed opportunities and focus on the future.

Lots of companies still have to report their quarters over the coming weeks. I will post individual thoughts, analysis, and predictions concerning the coming days, or even specific companies.

What did I promise again? A bearish writeup about solar stocks, individual earnings predictions... I'll also tease and say I'm going to write about the attractive value of PetroChina - keep checking back all week for the frequent updates.

Companies reporting that I'm eyeing up this week:

Monday: BAC, NFLX
Tuesday: MHP, OXPS, YHOO, VMW
Wednesday: UPS, AMZN, AAPL, CMG, NTRI
Thursday: POT, PEP, OXY, COP, MSFT, WDC, DECK
Friday: HMC

I'm expecting good news from some, and bad from others. Let's crank up the guessing machine.
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Two Public Figures, Lots of Homework, a Little Stock Talk

I apologize for the absence of new posts this week; I've had two exams (well, Macro Econ is tomorrow morning at 10:10) and lots of other work.

Plus, on Wednesday, Jim Cramer came to do his show here. Tonight (Thursday), Bill Clinton came to speak on behalf of his wife.

I semi-reluctantly went to see Cramer put on his show, and I'm glad that I did. I hate the caricature-Cramer of the show, with yelling, screaming, hyperbole, and sound effects - but in real life, I was able to see a different side of him.

And, interestingly, his on-show appearance is turned on and off like a light switch. As the cameras rolled, he was in his TV persona, but as soon as they cut to commercial (when filming here, the "commercial" breaks were about ten minutes long), he began to speak candidly. He fielded long questions and lightning-round quickpicks from investment club and secular audience members; instead of screaming about them, he responded logically and thoroughly. He talked a little about himself and his life, in a very personal and honest way.

So I definitely have a new respect for Jim Cramer. I'm still not a fan of the show, but I like the real Cramer (or at least as much of the real Cramer as I got to know in that hour). He seems like a great guy to have dinner, a beer (if you're of age), or a round of golf with him. One last, possibly jaded comment; if he doesn't like his TV semi-insane alter ego, I feel bad that he has to turn it on for hours every day. However, if it's fun for him... then good for him. He's making money doing it.


Concerning Mr. President William Clinton's appearance tonight...

It was worthwhile to see him, but instead of talking about himself (which I would have cared more about), it was all about his wife and her policies.

I actually registered as a democrat (though I consider myself to be more republican) so I could have a meaningful vote this April in the Pennsylvania primary. Though I'm not a fan of Barack's 20-30% capital gains tax (and main campaign platform of "hope"), I think I'll probably vote for him over Hillary next month. I firmly disagree with many of her policies (as outlined by Bill), except for one - she supports a troop withdrawal, beginning within 60 days of taking office. Iraq is a waste of time, lives, and most importantly, money - money that is spent now, will continue to cost more money later (as veterans require medical care, future aid because of mental illness, etc), and money in the future (in the form of repayment of national debt). It really doesn't matter to me if we're "winning" or if the surge is "working" - great! our generals learned how to fight this war. Just because we're doing better doesn't mean that we should continue to be there. I have friends from high school that went to the Naval Academy, and I hope they'll be deployed in a time of peace.


A couple quick stock thoughts:

I put in a super-lowball bid on a lottery-ticket option for Penn National Gaming (PENN). They are (supposed to be) bought by Fortress (FIG) by the summer, at $67/share. I put in a low bid and got April $55 contracts for $.15 - I'll actually probably sell now that it's a quick double in value. However, if the deal somehow closed between now and then, it would be jackpot for me.

I also tried to short my long-loathed CMG over the past few days, as it's bounced up about $20 for no reason at all... but Ameritrade doesn't have any share available for me to short. Options aren't worth it (premiums are too high), but I'm staying on the lookout for an opportunity to get short.

Financials are coming back down, which I dislike (because I own CFC and ETFC) but also like (because I'd like to buy some LEAP calls of other ones). I think FIG and BX are good buys at these levels; both are about as low as they have ever been, and I think they're likely to snatch up a few good bargains as things have cheapened, which they'll be able to sell for much more when conditions improve. If they fall a little farther, I'm still not against buying FRE or FNM, because I think the quasi-government connection provides safety. Brokers are still dangerous, I think - I'd rather go with a BAC or C, but in a few months after they write down some more of their balance sheet.


Lastly... I'm still in TMA. They'll probably be stagnated between $1-$2 for a while, but it seems like the danger of bankruptcy has passed. If one can endure the 10% daily moves, I think there's an outside chance that its a $5-10 stock in a few years.



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